Lecture Notes
RELATIONSHIPS AS CHOICE
- Personal influences on choices
- Structural influences on choices
- Institutions
- Groups
- Status and Role
- Cultural Influences
- Beliefs
- Values
- Beliefs
- Marriage
- A system binding a man and woman together for reproduction, care and socialization of offspring, or a socially approved mating relationship.
- Elements of Marriage
- Legal contract
- Emotional relationship
- Sexual monogamy
- Legal contract
- Types of Marriage
- Monogamy-one spouse
- Polygamy-more than one spouse
- Domestic Partnership-involves cohabitation or civil unions
- Monogamy-one spouse
- Family
- Group of two or more persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption.
- Types of Families
- Family of orientation vs. family of procreation
- Nuclear/binuclear vs. extended families
- Family of orientation vs. family of procreation
IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ON FAMILY
- Pre-Industrial Revolution family was the economic unit.
- Urbanization
- Transportation
- Rise of individualism
- Structural-Functional: Family is viewed as an institution providing societal stability along with other institutions.
- Conflict: Conflict is natural since each family member often has differing goals and may want to gain power and resources in the family.
- Feminist: Focus on female oppression and inequality in family relationships.
- Symbolic Interaction: Family members give meaning to any given behavior and/or situation.
- Family Development: Focus on the family and its changes throughout life.
- Social Exchange: Family members weigh costs and benefits of all aspects of relationships.
- Stratification and Race: Social class and racial background influence family life.
- Sample vs. Population: Who was selected for the research?
- Control Group: Group used in experiments and not exposed to the independent variable.
- Cohorts: Different age groups utilized at different points in time.
- Terms: How were the terms defined in the research?
- Research Bias or Deception: Did the researcher follow a code of ethics?
- Time Lag: How much time has passed since the research was completed?
- Survey and Interviews
- Systematic way to collect data through questionnaires or interviews.
- Strengths: Inexpensive, simple, often anonymous;
interviews can be in-depth. - Weaknesses: Low response rate, individuals can lie, interviews can be expensive.
- Systematic way to collect data through questionnaires or interviews.
- Observations
- Systematically observe individuals in their usual/natural settings.
- Participant observation: researcher is involved with subject's social world.
- Non-participant observation: study without being involved in the situation.
- Strengths: In-depth analysis enhanced by the natural setting, flexible; researcher can check out assumptions.
- Weaknesses: Takes a lot of time and money; researcher can become overly involved in setting.
- Systematically observe individuals in their usual/natural settings.
- Secondary Analysis
- Examine data other people have collected, often includes historical records, personal documents, official statistics, and public records.
- Strengths: Inexpensive, accessible, and much of the data is longitudinal (collected over time) instead of cross-sectional (collected at one point in time).
- Weaknesses: May not have the exact data researcher needs, definitions of variables may be different, and some documents/data are incomplete.
- Examine data other people have collected, often includes historical records, personal documents, official statistics, and public records.
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